ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the application effect of PBL teaching guided by anesthesia plan in clinical teaching of anesthesia undergraduate practice.Methods:A total of 34 anesthesiology undergraduates who practiced in Daqing Oilfield General Hospital/The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University from January 2020 to September 2020 were selected and randomly divided into experimental group ( n=17) and control group ( n=17). The experimental group adopted PBL teaching guided by anesthesia plan, while the control group adopted traditional teaching. The theoretical assessment results, case analysis assessment results, and clinical skills assessment results of the two groups of undergraduate interns were compared and analyzed. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the students' comprehensive ability. SPSS 22.0 was used for t test. Results:The scores and total scores of theoretical knowledge and anesthesia skills in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Before learning, there was no significant difference in scores and total scores of comprehensive ability between the two groups ( P>0.05); after learning, the comprehensive ability of the two groups of students were improved, and those of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:PBL teaching guided by anesthesia plan can effectively improve the mastery of theoretical knowledge, clinical operation skills and case analysis ability of anesthesia undergraduate interns, and the teaching effect is good, which is worthy of further promotion.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The survey will reveal current status of subclinical vitamin A deficiency (SVAD) and explore its affecting factors in children of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 8 669 children aged under 6 years were randomly selected from 14 provinces for clinical examination, health and dietary questionnaire and serum level of vitamin A measurement with fluorescence method. The cut-off value for SVAD was defined as </= 0.70 micro mol/L.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Prevalence of SVAD was 11.7% and that of suspected SVAD 39.2% in all subjects, which decreased with the increase of gross domestic product, average annual family income, mother's schooling and children's age. Prevalence of SVAD and suspected SVAD higher in rural areas (15.0%) than in urban areas (5.2%), and higher in children with a minority mother (22.6%) than in those with a Han nationality mother (8.7%). Prevalence of SVAD and suspected SVAD was higher in children whose blood samples were collected within one week in-taking vitamin A-rich food (12.6%-22.6%) than those in-taking vitamin A daily (4.1%-10.0%), and higher in children suffering from respiratory infection, fever and diarrhea two weeks before their blood collection (15.2%-20.3%) than in those without those diseases (10.1%-11.1%). Logistic regression analysis showed that poor family economic status, living in rural areas, children with a minority mother, younger age, no-dairy milk products intake, and respiratory infection and fever all were risk factors for SVAD.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>More than half of children under six years old in China (50.9%) had vitamin A nutrition problem. Varied factors played roles to different extent in SVAD in children.</p>